<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="yes"?><rss version="2.0" xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom"><channel><title>Difesa on u-random</title><link>https://u-random.dev/tags/difesa/</link><description>Recent content in Difesa on u-random</description><generator>Hugo -- gohugo.io</generator><language>it-it</language><lastBuildDate>Fri, 29 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000</lastBuildDate><atom:link href="https://u-random.dev/tags/difesa/index.xml" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml"/><item><title>Il Kernel Sospende il Giudizio</title><link>https://u-random.dev/blog/suricata-ips-nfqueue/</link><pubDate>Fri, 29 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate><guid>https://u-random.dev/blog/suricata-ips-nfqueue/</guid><description>&lt;p&gt;


&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div style="border-left:3px solid #6366f1;background:rgba(99,102,241,0.06);padding:12px 16px;border-radius:0 6px 6px 0;margin:1.5rem 0;"&gt;
 &lt;div style="font-size:0.7rem;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:0.1em;color:#6366f1;text-transform:uppercase;margin-bottom:6px;"&gt;TL;DR&lt;/div&gt;
 &lt;div style="font-size:0.95rem;line-height:1.6;"&gt;&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;IDS (af-packet):&lt;/strong&gt; copia del traffico → Suricata vede tutto, non può bloccare niente → &lt;code&gt;[**]&lt;/code&gt; in fast.log&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;IPS (nfqueue):&lt;/strong&gt; traffico originale trattenuto → il kernel aspetta il verdetto → &lt;code&gt;[Drop]&lt;/code&gt; in fast.log&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;iptables -I INPUT -j NFQUEUE --queue-num 0&lt;/code&gt; è la singola regola che trasforma il sistema&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;fail-open: no&lt;/code&gt; = fail-closed: se Suricata muore, tutto il traffico viene droppato&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Il Docker bridge (&lt;code&gt;br-XXXX&lt;/code&gt;) bypassa NFQUEUE - la SYN-ACK di ritorno viene bloccata e Wazuh si disconnette&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;La persistenza al reboot richiede un systemd service dedicato (non &lt;code&gt;iptables-persistent&lt;/code&gt;, che rimuove UFW)&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;details style="border-left:3px solid #10b981;background:rgba(16,185,129,0.06);border-radius:0 6px 6px 0;margin:1.5rem 0;"&gt;
 &lt;summary style="padding:10px 16px;font-size:0.7rem;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:0.1em;color:#10b981;text-transform:uppercase;cursor:pointer;list-style:none;display:flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;"&gt;
 &lt;span style="font-size:0.65rem;transition:transform 0.2s;"&gt;▶&lt;/span&gt; $ history
 &lt;/summary&gt;
 &lt;div style="padding:4px 16px 12px;font-size:0.92rem;line-height:1.7;font-family:'JetBrains Mono','Fira Code',monospace;"&gt;&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;suricata -T -c /etc/suricata/suricata.yaml -v&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;suricata-update&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="https://u-random.dev/concetti/iptables/" &gt;iptables&lt;/a&gt; -I INPUT 1 -j NFQUEUE --queue-num 0&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="https://u-random.dev/concetti/iptables/" &gt;iptables&lt;/a&gt; -L INPUT -n -v --line-numbers&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="https://u-random.dev/comandi/nmap/" &gt;nmap&lt;/a&gt; --min-rate 1000 -p 1-1000 192.168.64.3&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;hping3 -S --flood 192.168.64.3&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;cat /proc/net/tcp&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/details&gt;

&lt;hr&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Voglio vedere cosa succede quando Suricata non si limita a guardare il traffico, ma lo blocca davvero.&lt;/p&gt;</description></item><item><title>Il Fantasma nella Rete</title><link>https://u-random.dev/blog/il-fantasma-nella-rete/</link><pubDate>Tue, 19 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate><guid>https://u-random.dev/blog/il-fantasma-nella-rete/</guid><description>&lt;p&gt;


&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div style="border-left:3px solid #6366f1;background:rgba(99,102,241,0.06);padding:12px 16px;border-radius:0 6px 6px 0;margin:1.5rem 0;"&gt;
 &lt;div style="font-size:0.7rem;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:0.1em;color:#6366f1;text-transform:uppercase;margin-bottom:6px;"&gt;TL;DR&lt;/div&gt;
 &lt;div style="font-size:0.95rem;line-height:1.6;"&gt;&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Un honeypot è un sistema esca - qualsiasi connessione ricevuta è per definizione sospetta&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;La ricognizione interna (lateral movement iniziale) lascia tracce nei log prima che l'attaccante agisca&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Analizzare chi ha contattato il honeypot rivela quali host sono compromessi o controllati da un attaccante&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;IDS/IPS signature-based non rileva zero-day - il comportamento anomalo verso risorse inesistenti lo fa&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;details style="border-left:3px solid #10b981;background:rgba(16,185,129,0.06);border-radius:0 6px 6px 0;margin:1.5rem 0;"&gt;
 &lt;summary style="padding:10px 16px;font-size:0.7rem;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:0.1em;color:#10b981;text-transform:uppercase;cursor:pointer;list-style:none;display:flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;"&gt;
 &lt;span style="font-size:0.65rem;transition:transform 0.2s;"&gt;▶&lt;/span&gt; $ history
 &lt;/summary&gt;
 &lt;div style="padding:4px 16px 12px;font-size:0.92rem;line-height:1.7;font-family:'JetBrains Mono','Fira Code',monospace;"&gt;&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="https://u-random.dev/comandi/tshark/" &gt;tshark&lt;/a&gt; -r capture.pcap -Y &amp;quot;ip.dst == 192.168.10.99&amp;quot; -T fields -e ip.src -e tcp.dstport&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="https://u-random.dev/comandi/dig/" &gt;dig&lt;/a&gt; -x 192.168.10.99&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/details&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Sono le 14:33. Il SIEM ha flaggato una connessione TCP verso &lt;code&gt;192.168.10.99&lt;/code&gt;. Il problema: a quell'IP non c'è nessun server. Non c'è nessun servizio. Non c'è nessun device registrato nell'inventario.&lt;/p&gt;</description></item><item><title>Il Postino Lavora di Notte</title><link>https://u-random.dev/blog/il-postino-lavora-di-notte/</link><pubDate>Tue, 19 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate><guid>https://u-random.dev/blog/il-postino-lavora-di-notte/</guid><description>&lt;p&gt;


&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div style="border-left:3px solid #6366f1;background:rgba(99,102,241,0.06);padding:12px 16px;border-radius:0 6px 6px 0;margin:1.5rem 0;"&gt;
 &lt;div style="font-size:0.7rem;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:0.1em;color:#6366f1;text-transform:uppercase;margin-bottom:6px;"&gt;TL;DR&lt;/div&gt;
 &lt;div style="font-size:0.95rem;line-height:1.6;"&gt;&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;SMTP consegna le email, IMAP/POP3 le recuperano - protocolli separati con porte e ruoli distinti&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Una workstation che apre connessioni dirette sulla porta 25 è anomala: quel traffico spetta al mail server aziendale&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;base64 negli allegati non è cifratura: su SMTP senza TLS, qualsiasi allegato è estraibile dal pcap in chiaro&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;SPF, DKIM e DMARC sono i tre record DNS che distinguono un dominio difeso da uno esposto allo spoofing&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;details style="border-left:3px solid #10b981;background:rgba(16,185,129,0.06);border-radius:0 6px 6px 0;margin:1.5rem 0;"&gt;
 &lt;summary style="padding:10px 16px;font-size:0.7rem;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:0.1em;color:#10b981;text-transform:uppercase;cursor:pointer;list-style:none;display:flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;"&gt;
 &lt;span style="font-size:0.65rem;transition:transform 0.2s;"&gt;▶&lt;/span&gt; $ history
 &lt;/summary&gt;
 &lt;div style="padding:4px 16px 12px;font-size:0.92rem;line-height:1.7;font-family:'JetBrains Mono','Fira Code',monospace;"&gt;&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="https://u-random.dev/comandi/tshark/" &gt;tshark&lt;/a&gt; -r capture.pcap -Y &amp;quot;smtp&amp;quot; -T fields -e ip.src -e ip.dst -e smtp.req.command -e smtp.req.parameter&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="https://u-random.dev/comandi/dig/" &gt;dig&lt;/a&gt; MX dominio.com&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="https://u-random.dev/comandi/dig/" &gt;dig&lt;/a&gt; TXT _dmarc.dominio.com&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/details&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;figure&gt;&lt;img
 class="my-0 rounded-md"
 loading="lazy"
 decoding="async"
 fetchpriority="auto"
 alt="Il Postino Lavora di Notte"
 width="2752"
 height="1536"
 src="https://u-random.dev/assets/email-routing-smtp_hu_8e9b834350c07076.webp"
 srcset="https://u-random.dev/assets/email-routing-smtp_hu_8e9b834350c07076.webp 800w, https://u-random.dev/assets/email-routing-smtp_hu_dd83c9b5ac0ab8a9.webp 1280w"
 sizes="(min-width: 768px) 50vw, 65vw"
 data-zoom-src="https://u-random.dev/assets/email-routing-smtp.webp"&gt;&lt;/figure&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;</description></item></channel></rss>